Authors Bio
Md. Hassan Reza is a Lecturer in the Department of Islamic History and Culture at North Bengal International University (NBIU), Rajshahi, Bangladesh. He holds both an MA and a BA in Islamic History and Culture from the University of Rajshahi, Securing First Class First Position in both degrees. His research interests encompass Pre-Islamic Arabia, World civilizations, Middle Eastern history and culture, Cultural hegemony, Bangladesh Studies, History of Bengal, and Islamic art and architecture. He has four peer-reviewed research articles published in reputable national and international journals.
Abstract
The assassination of the Caliph Hazrat Uthman ibn Affan (RA) is a historic moment in the history of Islam, a turning point of the cohesive leadership and the beginning of the First Fitna. The given study considers the multifaceted interaction of socio-political tensions, administrative discontents, and tribal in-fighting, which finally led to the siege of the Caliph residence in 656 CE. The early twelve years of the reign of Uthman were marked by further growth and prosperity. The second part however, experienced increasing dissatisfaction based on claims of nepotism, namely the placement of Umayyad relatives in major provincial governorships and felt off-balance sheets in the allocation of the Bayt al-Mal (state treasury). These complaints were further enhanced by the emergence of radical groups and the efforts of agitators that used local frustrations in Egypt, Kufa and Basra. The death of the Caliph in Medina sanctuary was brutal and that destroyed the political sanctity of the Caliphate. It caused such devastating disunity that the tragic rule of Hazrat Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA) ensued. This denial of allegiance by Muawiyah until the assassins were taken to justice resulted in the Battles of Jamal and Siffin which essentially changed the Islamic political structure. This article will be provide on the case of historical approaches taken by contemporary historians to conclude that the assassination is not just a local uprising but the trigger of the long-standing sectarian and political separations in the Muslim Ummah.
Keywords
Uthman ibn Affan, Umayya Caliphate, Battle of the Camel, Battle of Siffin, Muawiyah.
Article
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